Deep learning (DL) models have shown promise in detecting chronic kidney disease (CKD) from fundus photographs. However. previous studies have utilized a serum creatinine-only estimated glomerular rate (eGFR) equation to measure kidney function despite the development of more up-to-date methods. In this study. https://www.roneverhart.com/OTTO-CAP-5-Panel-Mid-Profile-Mesh-Back-Trucker-Hat-OTTO-32-285/