Abstract Background Spodoptera litura (Fab. ) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) commonly known as tobacco caterpillar is a polyphagous pest that causes significant damage to many agricultural crops. The extensive use of chemical insecticides against S. https://www.spidertattooz.com/Essie-Gel-Couture-Inside-Scoop-0-5-oz-1088-p15287/