In designing wireless sensor networks (WSNs). it is important to reduce energy dissipation and prolong network lifetime. Clustering of nodes is one of the most effective approaches for conserving energy in WSNs. Cluster formation protocols generally consider the heterogeneity of sensor nodes in terms of energy difference of nodes but ignore the different transmission ranges of them. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/childrens-tooth-gel/